（吉隆坡9日讯） 马来西亚政府通过《马来西亚数字2030行动计划》（MD2030），为2026年至2030年的国家数字化及人工智能发展制定执行框架，目标包括让数字经济占国内生产总值（GDP）30%、创造50万份职位、取得1500亿令吉获批数字投资，以及推动95%政府服务实现端到端线上办理。

首相拿督斯里安华已于6月29日正式推介MD2030。这项由数字部主导、MyDIGITAL Corporation协调的计划，涵盖7大支柱、29项战略、46项举措及133个项目。

180亿令吉数字出口与50万份职位

MD2030的经济支柱设定四项主要指标，包括1500亿令吉获批数字投资、180亿令吉数字出口、50万份就业机会，以及让80%微型、中小企业达到第三级数字应用水平。

政府希望借此推动马来西亚从外国科技使用者，逐步转为能够开发和输出“马来西亚创造”数字产品、人工智能方案及知识产权的生产者。

不过，文件摘要尚未交代50万份职位的行业分布、薪资水平及净新增职位计算方式，也没有列出1500亿令吉投资目标的年度分配。

95%政府服务线上化，五年节省45亿令吉

政府计划于2030年前，让95%公共服务实现端到端线上化，并通过业务数字化在五年内节省45亿令吉。

端到端服务意味着申请、提交资料、付款、审批及结果通知均可在线完成，而不只是从政府网站下载表格。

计划也包括全面数字化联邦政府数据、成立GovTech Malaysia、整合数字公共基础设施，并通过MyGOV应用程序提供统一服务。

建设主权AI云及五个超级计算机集群

基础设施方面，政府计划把人口稠密地区的5G覆盖率提高至98%，发展马来西亚主权人工智能云，并建设五个超级计算机集群。

MD2030也提出制定可持续数据中心框架，以协调算力需求、电力供应、水资源、数据主权及网络安全。

再培训70万人，引进2000名AI专家

人才支柱的目标包括让80%人口具备数字素养、把技术工人占比提高至35%、为70万名劳动人口提供再培训，以及吸引2000名AI专业人才来马。

政府承认人工智能将改变现有工作内容，因此人才发展不能只集中于大学教育，也须覆盖在职员工、替代学习途径及终身培训。

拟制定AI新法及国家安全标准

在数字信任与安全方面，MD2030提出制定支持AI应用的新法令，并推动马来西亚数据委员会投入运作。

政府希望到2030年有80%国民信任AI系统，并让所有AI初创企业及相关公司取得国家安全AI标准认证。

有关法律的适用范围、认证成本、监管机构权限及违规处罚，仍有待后续法案和执行细则说明。

资助5000家科技企业，培育5家独角兽

创新支柱提出为5000家本地科技企业提供融资、培育5家在马注册的独角兽企业，并推动100项研发产品商业化。

政府也希望马来西亚在2030年前跻身全球创新指数20强、斯坦福AI指数10强，以及Oxford Insights政府AI准备指数10强。

成败取决于执行透明度

MD2030为大马数字经济、政府转型及AI治理建立了可衡量框架，但多个项目仍须通过预算、法令、采购及跨部门协调才能落实。

政府能否持续公布投资落实率、职位质量、线上服务采用率及培训成果，将决定这份蓝图能否转化为民众和企业可以感受到的改变。

常见问题

1. 什么是MD2030？
这是马来西亚2026年至2030年的国家数字化行动计划。

2. 数字经济占GDP 30%是当前数据吗？
不是，这是政府希望于2030年实现的政策目标。

3. MD2030预计创造多少职位？
目标为50万份，但行业与薪资分布尚未公布。

4. 政府服务是否会全部转至线上？
目标是95%实现端到端线上化，并非100%。

5. 企业有哪些潜在机会？
涵盖AI、云端、网络安全、数字贸易、政府科技及数据中心基础设施。

6. MD2030如何管理AI风险？
政府拟制定新法、安全AI标准及数据治理机制，但具体条文仍待公布。

KUALA LUMPUR, Sept 9: Malaysia has set out a five-year digital and artificial intelligence implementation framework under the Malaysia Digital 2030 Action Plan, or MD2030, with targets that include raising the digital economy’s contribution to 30% of gross domestic product.

The plan also aims to generate 500,000 jobs, secure RM150 billion in approved digital investments and make 95% of government services available online from end to end by 2030.

Prime Minister Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim officially unveiled MD2030 on June 29. Led by the Digital Ministry and coordinated by MyDIGITAL Corporation, the plan comprises seven strategic thrusts, 29 strategies, 46 initiatives and 133 programmes.

RM18 Billion in Digital Exports

Under its economic thrust, MD2030 targets RM150 billion in approved digital investments, RM18 billion in digital exports and 500,000 employment opportunities.

It also aims to bring 80% of micro, small and medium enterprises to Level 3 of digital technology adoption.

The broader objective is to move Malaysia from being primarily a user of foreign technology to a producer and exporter of “Made by Malaysia” digital products, AI solutions and intellectual property.

The summary document, however, does not provide an annual investment breakdown or explain how the 500,000 jobs will be distributed across industries and salary levels.

Government Targets RM4.5 Billion in Savings

The government aims to make 95% of public services available entirely online and save RM4.5 billion over five years through the digitalisation of government operations.

An end-to-end service would allow users to complete applications, document submissions, payments, approvals and notifications online, rather than merely downloading forms from a government website.

Other initiatives include fully digitalising federal government data, establishing GovTech Malaysia, integrating digital public infrastructure and delivering unified services through the MyGOV application.

Sovereign AI Cloud and Five Supercomputing Clusters

Malaysia plans to achieve 98% 5G coverage in populated areas, develop a sovereign national AI cloud and establish five supercomputing clusters.

MD2030 also calls for a sustainable data centre framework addressing computing demand, electricity and water consumption, data sovereignty and cybersecurity.

The infrastructure targets reflect the government’s intention to build domestic AI capacity instead of relying entirely on overseas computing platforms.

700,000 Workers to Be Reskilled

The talent thrust aims to raise digital literacy to 80% of the population and increase the proportion of skilled workers to 35%.

The government also plans to reskill 700,000 workers and attract 2,000 professionals with specialised AI expertise to Malaysia.

As AI changes existing job functions, the plan envisages training pathways for students, existing workers and people pursuing alternative or lifelong learning programmes.

New AI Legislation Proposed

Under the trust and safety thrust, MD2030 proposes new legislation to support the responsible use of AI and the operationalisation of a Malaysia Data Commission.

The government wants 80% of Malaysians to trust AI systems by 2030. It also aims for all AI-related startups and companies to be certified under a national safe-AI standard.

The scope of the proposed law, regulatory powers, compliance costs and penalties have yet to be detailed.

Financing for 5,000 Technology Companies

MD2030 seeks to provide financing to 5,000 local technology companies, develop five Malaysia-registered unicorns and commercialise 100 research and development products.

Malaysia is also targeting a top-20 position in the Global Innovation Index and top-10 positions in both Stanford’s AI Index and Oxford Insights’ Government AI Readiness Index.

Delivery Will Determine Its Success

MD2030 gives Malaysia measurable targets for the digital economy, public-sector transformation and AI governance. However, many of its initiatives will still require funding, legislation, procurement and coordination across ministries.

Regular disclosure of investment implementation, job quality, online-service adoption and reskilling outcomes will be necessary to show whether the plan is producing benefits for businesses and the public.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is MD2030?
It is Malaysia’s national digital implementation plan covering 2026 to 2030.

2. Does the digital economy already account for 30% of GDP?
No. The 30% figure is a national target for 2030.

3. How many jobs does the plan aim to create?
MD2030 targets 500,000 jobs, although an industry breakdown has not been published.

4. Will all government services move online?
The target is 95% end-to-end online delivery, rather than 100%.

5. What opportunities could MD2030 create for businesses?
Potential areas include AI, cloud services, cybersecurity, digital trade, GovTech and data centre infrastructure.

6. How will Malaysia regulate AI risks?
The plan proposes new legislation, national safe-AI standards and stronger data governance, with detailed rules still to be announced.